This compound, known as Olaparib (AZD-2281), is a landmark targeted anticancer drug and a potent oral poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, widely used in clinical oncology and pharmaceutical research. Its core application lies in treating cancers with BRCA1/2 mutations, including advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, primary peritoneal, metastatic breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. As a PARP inhibitor, it blocks DNA single-strand break repair in cancer cells, leading to synthetic lethality in BRCA-deficient tumors, effectively suppressing tumor growth and prolonging patient survival. Clinically, it serves as maintenance therapy for platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer and first-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer with gBRCA mutations. Beyond clinical use, it acts as a critical research tool in cancer biology, enabling studies on DNA repair mechanisms, synthetic lethality, and drug resistance. It also supports the development of combination therapies with other anticancer agents. With the advancement of precision medicine, its application scope continues to expand, solidifying its role as a cornerstone in targeted cancer treatment.

This chemical poses significant health hazards and requires strict safety protocols during handling, storage, and transportation. It is classified as toxic if swallowed (H301) and may damage fertility or the unborn child (H360D), with potential for acute toxicity and reproductive harm. Direct contact may cause mild to moderate irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; inhalation of dust may trigger nasal/throat discomfort or respiratory distress. Operators must wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, dust respirators, and protective clothing, working in well-ventilated fume hoods. Skin contact requires immediate rinsing with running water and soap; eye exposure needs 15+ minutes of water flushing and prompt medical help. Ingestion is dangerous—do not induce vomiting; seek emergency medical care immediately. Store in dry, dark, sealed containers at -20°C long-term, away from heat, flames, oxidants, and incompatible substances. Transport as a Class 6.1 toxic goods, avoiding mixing with food or daily necessities. Waste must be disposed of per hazardous waste regulations; do not discharge randomly. Avoid long-term or repeated exposure to prevent cumulative toxicity. Emergency facilities (eye wash, first-aid kits) must be available in work areas, and personnel must receive safety training before handling.