1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (DecMIM Br) is a typical imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL) with surfactant properties, widely used in electrochemistry, material science, and organic synthesis. As a conductive electrolyte additive, it improves ionic conductivity and thermal stability in lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and dye-sensitized solar cells. In metal processing, it acts as a brightener and corrosion inhibitor for electroplating, electropolishing, and metal surface treatment, enhancing coating uniformity and gloss. In organic chemistry, it serves as a green solvent/catalyst for Friedel-Crafts reactions, hydrogenation, and coupling reactions, replacing volatile organic solvents with low vapor pressure and recyclability. It also functions as a phase-transfer catalyst, antimicrobial agent, and template for mesoporous material synthesis. Its dual characteristics of ionic liquid and surfactant make it suitable for emulsion polymerization, wastewater treatment, and pharmaceutical formulation.

This ionic liquid is low-toxic but hygroscopic and irritant (GHS: H315 – causes skin irritation; H319 – causes serious eye irritation; H410 – very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects). Inhalation of vapor/aerosol may cause mild respiratory irritation; wear a respirator and ensure ventilation. Skin contact may cause redness, itching, or dryness due to hygroscopicity; wear chemical-resistant gloves and wash skin with water after handling. Eye contact causes severe stinging and irritation; flush eyes with running water for ≥15 minutes and seek medical attention. Ingestion may cause nausea, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea; rinse mouth and do not induce vomiting. It is non-flammable but decomposes at high temperature, releasing toxic NO? and Br? fumes. Store away from strong oxidants, acids, and moisture. Dispose of waste per hazardous chemical regulations to prevent water/soil pollution.